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By Abidemi Samuel
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Self-medication, the practice of using drugs or remedies without a proper diagnosis or a physician’s prescription, has become deeply ingrained in Nigerian society. Despite repeated warnings from medical experts, many Nigerians rely on this approach due to the high cost of medical care, extended hospital wait times, and limited access to healthcare facilities.
The World Health Organization (WHO) has highlighted the potential risks associated with self-medication, including drug resistance, kidney damage, and worsening of underlying health conditions. Medical practitioners in Nigeria have also cautioned that self-medication can lead to severe complications, including organ failure and death.
Former President of the Nigerian Medical Association (NMA), Dr. Francis Faduyile, emphasized that “every drug has its side effect” and improper usage can lead to severe complications. Pharmacist Ifeanyin Ikebudu, past chairman of the Pharmaceutical Society of Nigeria (PSN), FCT Chapter, noted that many ailments share similar symptoms but require different treatments.
The misuse of antibiotics significantly contributes to antimicrobial resistance, a growing global health threat. Incorrect dosages, counterfeit medications, and drug interactions could exacerbate health conditions, leading to severe complications.
Cultural reliance on herbal remedies also plays a role in self-medication. Many individuals trust traditional healers or self-administer herbal concoctions without understanding the risks involved.
A study conducted in the Kano metropolis identified several health hazards linked to self-medication, including drug resistance or failure, addiction, and poisoning.
Socioeconomic drivers, such as economic hardship and limited access to healthcare facilities, contribute significantly to the prevalence of self-medication in Nigeria. Over-the-counter drugs and herbal remedies are often seen as more accessible and affordable alternatives to formal medical care.
Experts agree that robust public health campaigns are needed to educate Nigerians about the dangers of self-medication. They also advocated for improved access to affordable healthcare services, stricter regulation of drug sales, and better oversight of patent medicine dealers.
While self-medication may seem quick and cost-effective, its long-term consequences far outweigh its perceived benefits. It is essential for Nigerians to prioritize professional medical consultations and seek proper diagnosis and treatment to avoid the risks associated with self-medication.
By addressing the socioeconomic drivers of self-medication and promoting healthier healthcare practices, Nigeria can significantly reduce the prevalence of self-medication and improve the overall health and well-being of its citizens.
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