Burkina Faso, Mali, and Niger Formally Withdraw from ECOWAS

By John Joseph

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In a move that has sent shockwaves throughout the West African region, Burkina Faso, Mali, and Niger have officially withdrawn from the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS). This development marks a significant shift in the regional dynamics, with far-reaching implications for the security, economy, and politics of the affected countries.

The three countries, all currently under military rule, announced their decision to leave ECOWAS in January 2024, citing concerns over the bloc’s alleged bias towards foreign powers, particularly France. They accused ECOWAS of failing to support their fight against terrorism and insecurity, while imposing “illegal, illegitimate, inhumane and irresponsible sanctions” following their military coups.

The withdrawal of Burkina Faso, Mali, and Niger from ECOWAS has sparked concerns over the potential collapse of controlled and safe migration within the Sahel region. The bloc’s influence over the three countries had helped to coordinate migration strategies, and its absence may lead to uncontrolled flows of migration, increasing security risks and further destabilizing the region.

Furthermore, the exit of the three countries from ECOWAS may embolden militant Islamist groups, who have been exploiting inter-communal tensions to stir up social discord and recruit supporters. The Sahel region has witnessed a surge in violence involving militant Islamist groups since 2020, with a 90% increase in fatalities and a 130% rise in violent incidents.

In response to their withdrawal from ECOWAS, the three countries have announced plans to form a new Alliance of Sahelian States (AES), which will aim to promote economic cooperation and security among its member states. However, the success of this new alliance remains uncertain, and its implications for regional stability are yet to be seen.

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